Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 61
Filter
1.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 4669-4680, 2022.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970339

ABSTRACT

Polyphosphate kinase plays an important role in the catalytic synthesis of ATP in vitro. In order to find a polyphosphate kinase that can efficiently synthesize ATP using short-chain polyphosphate (polyP) as substrate, the polyphosphate kinase 2 (PPK2) from Sphingobacterium siyangensis was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). As an enzyme for ATP regeneration, PPK2 was used in combination with l-amino acid ligase (YwfE) to produce l-alanyl-l-glutamine (Ala-Gln). The length of ppk2 of S. siyangensis is 810 bp, encoding 270 amino acids. The SDS-PAGE showed that PPK2 was expressed correctly and its molecular weight was 29.7 kDa as expected. The reaction conditions of PPK2 were optimized. PPK2 could maintain good activity in the range of 22-42 ℃ and pH 7-10. The highest enzyme activity was observed at 37 ℃, pH 7, 30 mmol/L magnesium ion (Mg2+), 5 mmol/L ADP and 10 mmol/L sodium hexametaphosphate, and the yield of ATP reached 60% of the theoretical value in 0.5 hours at this condition. When used in combination with YwfE to produce Ala-Gln, the PPK2 showed a good applicability as an ATP regeneration system, and the effect was similar to that of direct addition of ATP. The PPK2 from S. siyangensis shows good performance in a wide range of temperature and pH, synthesizes ATP with cheap and readily available short chain polyP as substrate. The PPK2 thus provides a new enzyme source for ATP dependent catalytic reaction system.


Subject(s)
Sphingobacterium/metabolism , Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/metabolism , Amino Acids , Adenosine Triphosphate , Regeneration , Polyphosphates/metabolism
2.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2022. 67 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1442724

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de géis fluoretados suplementados com nanopartículas de Trimetafosfato de Sódio (TMP) sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie artificiais in situ. Blocos de esmalte dental bovino (n=160) foram aleatoriamente divididos entre os grupos de estudo após análise de dureza de superfície (DS) e indução de lesões de subsuperfície. Os géis testados foram: Placebo (sem flúor ou TMP ­ controle negativo), 9000 µg F/g (9000F ­ controle positivo), 4500 µg F/g + 5% TMP microparticulado (4500 5%TMPmicro) e 4500 µg F/g + 5% TMP nanoparticulado (4500 5%TMPnano). Dez voluntários utilizaram dispositivos palatinos contendo 4 blocos de esmalte durante 3 dias, após uma única aplicação dos géis, seguindo um protocolo duplo-cego e cruzado. Dois blocos de esmalte foram removidos imediatamente após a aplicação dos géis, para determinar a concentração de fluoreto de cálcio (CaF2) formado. Após cada fase, determinou-se a porcentagem de recuperação de dureza de superfície (%RDS) e CaF2 retido no esmalte. Os dados foram submetidos ANOVA de medidas repetidas e teste de Student-Newman-Keuls (p< 0.05). A maior %RDS foi observada para o gel 4500 5%TMPnano, seguido por 4500 5%TMPmicro, 9000F e Placebo, com diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Em relação ao CaF2 formado, a maior concentração foi observada para o grupo 9000F. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os grupos 9000F, 4500 5%TMPmicro e 4500 5%TMPnano para concentrações de CaF2 retido. Conclui-se que a adição de TMP a géis fluoretados melhorou significativamente a remineralização de lesões de cárie in situ. O uso de TMP em escala nanométrica potencializou ainda mais este efeito(AU)


The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluoride gels supplemented with nano-sized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the remineralization of artificial caries lesions in situ. Bovine enamel blocks (n=160) were randomly distributed among study groups after surface microhardness (SH) analysis and induction of subsurface lesions. Test groups included: Placebo (without F and TMP ­ negative control), 9000 µg F/g (9000F ­ positive control), 4500 µg F/g + 5% micrometric TMP (4500 5%+ TMPmicro) and 4500 µg F/g + 5% nano-sized TMP (4500 + 5%TMPnano). Ten volunteers used palatal devices containing 4 enamel blocks during 3 days, after a single application of gels, following a double-blind and crossover protocol. Two enamel blocks were removed immediately after topical application of F to determine calcium fluoride (CaF2) formed on enamel. After each phase, the samples were analyzed by percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) and CaF2 retained on enamel. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA and Student-NewmanKeuls test (p< 0.05). The highest %SHR was observed for 4500 5%TMPnano gel, following by 4500 5%TPMmicro, 9000F, and Placebo, with significant differences among all groups. Regarding CaF2 formed, the highest concentration was observed in the 9000F group. No significant differences were observed among 9000F, 4500 5%TMPmicro and 4500 5%TMPnano groups for concentrations of CaF2 retained. It was concluded that the addition of TMP to gels improved the remineralization of caries lesions in situ. The use of nano-sized TMP further enhanced this effect(AU)


Subject(s)
Polyphosphates , Tooth Remineralization , Dental Caries , Phosphates , Thymidine Monophosphate
3.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2020. 80 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1444900

ABSTRACT

A cárie dentária está entre as principais e mais comuns doenças bucais. É causada por ácidos produzidos pelo biofilme microbiano que levam à desmineralização do esmalte. A prevenção e controle dessa doença crônica consistem na desorganização periódica do biofilme e na promoção da remineralização dentária. Para resolver esse problema, associamos o extrato de casca de Punica granatum (romã) (PPE) ao trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) e fluoreto (F) em formulações para uso como enxaguatório bucal, e avaliamos sua eficácia na redução do processo de desmineralização do esmalte dental, bem como seu potencial anti biofilme contra importantes patógenos orais presentes na cárie dentária (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 e Candida albicans ATCC 10231). Blocos de esmalte bovino (4 mm × 4 mm) selecionados por dureza superficial inicial (SHi) foram alocados aleatoriamente de acordo com grupos de tratamentos de formulação (n = 12 / grupo): ETF1 (3,0% PPE + 0,2% TMP + 100ppmF), TF1 (0,2% TMP + 100ppmF), ETF2 (3,0% PPE + 0,3% TMP + 225ppmF), TF2 (0,3% TMP + 225ppmF), F1 (100 ppmF), F2 (225 ppmF) e P (formulação sem E / T / F - placebo). Os blocos foram tratados 2x / dia com cada formulação e submetidos a cinco ciclos de pH (soluções desmineralizantes / remineralizantes) a 37° C. A seguir, determinaram-se a dureza superficial final (SHf), a dureza integrada da subsuperfície de perda (ΔKHN) padronizada e as concentrações de fluoreto de esmalte (F) de cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (P). A porcentagem de perda de dureza superficial (% SH) foi calculada (% SH = [(SHf - SHi) / SHi)] x 100), e as formulações que promoveram menores porcentagens de desmineralização do esmalte (% SH) e suas contrapartes foram selecionadas para os ensaios anti biofilme, bem como a formulação contendo apenas PPE (E). Para isso, ETF2 e TF2 (% SH = -34,5% e -53,1%, respectivamente), e a formulação E foram usadas para tratar por 1 ou 10 minutos biofilmes duplos de C. albicans e S. mutans crescidos por 24 horas em discos de hidroxiapatita (HA). A desmineralização da superfície do esmalte foi menor nas amostras tratadas com a formulação ETF2, resultando em uma diminuição de 46% na% SH em comparação com a F2. Novamente, a capacidade de reduzir o corpo da lesão (ΔKHN) foi maior (~ 26%) com ETF2 em relação a F2, e F2 proporcionou a maior concentração de F, Ca e P na superfície do esmalte. Entre as formulações de enxaguatório bucal ETF2, TF2 e E, as maiores taxas de redução de células viáveis foram exibidas tratando o biofilme com ETF2 por 10 minutos, independentemente do microrganismo testado. Em conclusão, a adição de PPE (3%) em enxaguatórios bucais contendo TMP (0,3) e F (225ppm) promoveu uma diminuição considerável no mineral sem perda de esmalte dental, além de reduzir consideravelmente o biofilme cariogênico formado por S. mutans e C albicans. Assim, cria uma perspectiva promissora para o desenvolvimento de um produto comercial dental sem álcool com os benefícios de milênios reconhecidos à saúde do Punica granatum(AU)


Dental caries is among the main and most common oral diseases. It is caused by acids produced by microbial biofilm that lead to enamel demineralization. The prevention and control of this chronic disease consist of periodic disorganization of the biofilm and the promotion of dental remineralization. To address this problem, we associate Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel extract (PPE) with sodium trimemtaphosphate (TMP), and fluoride (F) in formulations for being used as mouthwash, and evaluate its efficacy on reducing dental enamel demineralization process as well as its antibiofilm potential against important oral pathogens present in dental caries (Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231). Bovine enamel blocks (4 mm × 4 mm) selected by initial surface hardness (SHi) were randomly allocated according to groups of formulation treatments (n= 12/group): ETF1 (3.0%PPE+0.2%TMP+100ppmF), TF1 (0.2%TMP+100ppmF), ETF2 (3.0%PPE+0.3%TMP+225ppmF), TF2 (0.3%TMP+225ppmF), F1 (100 ppmF), F2 (225 ppmF), and P (formulation without E/T/F - placebo). The blocks were treated 2×/day with each formulation and submitted to five pH cycles (demineralizing/remineralizing solutions) at 37°C. Next, final surface hardness (SHf), integrated loss subsurface hardness (ΔKHN), and enamel fluoride (F) calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) concentrations were determined. The percentage of surface hardness loss (%SH) was calculated (%SH = [(SHf - SHi)/SHi)] x 100), and the formulations which promoted lower percentages of enamel demineralization (%SH) and its counterparts were selected to the antibiofim assays, as well as formulation containing only PPE (E). For that, ETF2 and TF2 (%SH= -34.5% and -53.1% respectively), and formulation E were used to treat for 1 or 10 minutes dual biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans grown for 24 hours on hydroxyapatite discs (HA). Demineralization of the enamel surface was lower in samples treated with formulation ETF2, resulting in a 46% decrease in %SH in comparison with F2. Again, the capacity to reduce the lesion body (ΔKHN) was higher (~ 26%) with ETF2 in relation to F2, and F2 provided the highest concentration of F, Ca and P in enamel surface. Amongst the mouthwash formulations ETF2, TF2 and E, the highest rates of viable cells reduction were exhibited by treating biofilm with ETF2 for 10 minutes regardless of the microorganism tested. In conclusion, the addition of PPE (3%) in mouthwashes containing TMP (0.3) and F (225ppm) promoted a considerably decrease in the mineral loss of dental enamel besides considerable reducing cariogenic biofilm formed by S. mutans and C. albicans. It thus creates a promising prospect for the development of an alcohol free dental commercial product with the millennial recognized health benefits of Punica granatum(AU)


Subject(s)
Polyphosphates , Dental Caries , Pomegranate , Phosphates , Demineralization , Biofilms , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Anti-Infective Agents
4.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2020. 99 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1451310

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de vernizes fluoretados suplementados com nanopartículas de Trimetafosfato de Sódio (TMP) sobre o desgaste erosivo do esmalte dental bovino, em protocolos in vitro e in situ. Para a 1ª fase, blocos de esmalte dental bovino (n=100) foram selecionados por meio de dureza de superfície (DS) e aleatoriamente divididos em 5 grupos experimentais (n=20/grupo), de acordo com os vernizes testados: (a) Placebo (Pla - sem F ou TMP), (b) 5% NaF, (c) 5% NaF + 5% TMP microparticulado (5% Micro), (d) 5% NaF + 2,5% TMP nanoparticulado (2,5% Nano), (e) 5% NaF + 5% TMP nanoparticulado (5% Nano). Os blocos receberam uma única aplicação dos vernizes e foram imersos em saliva artificial por 6 h. Em seguida, os vernizes foram removidos e todos os blocos, submetidos a 4 desafios erosivos diários durante 5 dias (ERO, imersão em ácido cítrico 0,05 M, pH 3,2, 90 s/ciclo, sob agitação). Após ERO, metade dos blocos foi submetida a abrasão por escovação (15 s/ciclo) com dentifrício placebo (ERO+ABR). Os blocos foram analisados por perfilometria, dureza de superfície (DS) e dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN). Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA a dois critérios e Teste de Fisher LSD (p< 0,05). O desgaste do esmalte foi significativamente menor para ERO comparado a ERO+ABR para todos os vernizes testados (p< 0,001), seguindo o padrão 5% Nano < 5% Micro < 5% NaF < 2,5% Nano < Pla (ERO e ERO+ABR). A maior perda de DS foi observada para o Pla e a menor para 5% NaF (ERO) e 2,5% Nano (ERO+ABR), sem diferenças significativas entre 2,5% Nano, 5% NaF e 5% Micro. Os maiores valores de ΔKHN foram observados para 5% Micro e 5% Nano a 5-30 µm, com diferenças menos acentuadas entre os grupos a 30-70 µm (ERO e ERO+ABR). Para a 2ª fase, blocos de esmalte bovino (n=224) foram selecionados por DS e distribuídos aleatoriamente entre os grupos: (a) Placebo (Pla - sem F ou TMP), (b) 5% NaF, (c) 5% NaF + 5% TMP microparticulado (5% Micro), e (d) 5% NaF + 5% TMP nanoparticulado (5% Nano). Os blocos foram inseridos em dispositivos acrílicos palatinos (n=4/dispositivo), e tratados com os vernizes uma única vez, permanecendo na cavidade bucal dos voluntários (n=14) por 6 h. Em seguida, os vernizes foram removidos e os blocos, submetidos à ERO (imersão ex vivo em ácido cítrico 0,05 M, pH 3,2, 90 s, 4x/dia), enquanto dois blocos foram adicionalmente submetidos a abrasão por escovação com dentifrício fluoretado (ERO+ABR), totalizando 5 dias em cada etapa experimental, seguindo um protocolo duplo-cego e cruzado. As análises dos blocos e dos dados foram idênticas às da 1ª fase. Os valores do desgaste seguiram um padrão similar em ambas as condições experimentais (ERO ou ERO+ABR), com 5% Nano < 5% Micro < 5% NaF < Pla. Um padrão similar foi observado para dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN), apesar de não serem verificadas diferenças significativas entre 5% Micro×5% Nano (5-30 µm). Quanto à perda de DS, o maior valor foi observado para Pla e o menor para 5% Nano (ERO ou ERO+ABR), sem diferenças significativas entre Pla×5% NaF (ERO), 5% NaF×5% Micro (ERO+ABR), e 5% Micro×5% Nano (ERO+ABR). Diante dos resultados, conclui-se que a adição de TMP a vernizes fluoretados melhorou significativamente a proteção contra o desgaste erosivo do esmalte in vitro e in situ. O uso de 5% de TMP em escala nanométrica aumentou ainda mais esses efeitos(AU)


The present study evaluated the effect of fluoride (F) varnishes supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) nanoparticles on erosive tooth wear, using in vitro and in situ protocols. For the first phase, bovine enamel blocks (n=100) were selected by surface hardness (SH) and randomly divided into 5 experimental groups (n=20/group), according to the varnishes tested: (a) Placebo (Pla - without F or TMP), (b) 5% NaF, (c) 5% NaF + 5% micrometric TMP (5% Micro), (d) 5% NaF + 2.5% nano-sized TMP (2.5% Nano), (e) 5% NaF + 5% nano-sized TMP (5% Nano). Blocks received a single varnish application, and were immersed in artificial saliva for 6 h. Varnishes were then removed and all blocks, subjected to 4 daily erosive challenges during for 5 days (ERO, immersion in 0.05 M citric acid, pH 3.2, 90 s/cycle, under agitation). After ERO, half of the blocks were subjected to abrasion by brushing (15 s/cycle) with placebo dentifrice (ERO+ABR). Blocks were analyzed by profilometry, surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN). The data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA and Fisher's LSD test (p< 0.05). Enamel wear was significantly lower for ERO compared to ERO+ABR for all varnishes tested (p< 0.001), following the pattern 5% Nano < 5% Micro < 5% NaF < 2.5% Nano < Pla (ERO and ERO+ABR). The highest SH loss was observed for Pla, and the lowest for 5% NaF (ERO) and 2.5% Nano (ERO+ABR), without significant differences between 2.5% Nano, 5% NaF and 5% Micro. The highest values of ΔKHN were observed for 5% Micro and 5% Nano at 5-30 µm, with less marked differences between the groups at 30-70 µm (ERO and ERO+ABR). In the second phase, bovine enamel blocks (n=224) were selected by SH and randomly distributed among the groups: (a) Placebo (Pla - without F or TMP), (b) 5% NaF, (c) 5% NaF + 5% micrometric TMP (5% Micro), and (d) 5% NaF + 5% nano-sized TMP (5% Nano). The blocks were inserted in acrylic palatal devices (n=4/device), and treated with the varnishes only once, remaining in the oral cavity of the volunteers (n=14) for 6 h. Then, the varnishes were removed and the blocks, subjected to ERO (ex vivo immersion in 0.05 M citric acid, pH 3.2, 90 s, 4x/ day), while two blocks were additionally subjected to abrasion by brushing with fluoride dentifrice (ERO+ABR), totaling 5 days in each experimental stage, following a double-blind, crossover protocol. The blocks and the data were analyzed as described for the first phase. The wear values followed a similar pattern under both experimental conditions (ERO or ERO+ABR), with 5% Nano < 5% Micro < 5% NaF < Pla. A similar pattern was observed for hardness in depth (ΔKHN), although no significant differences were found between 5% Micro×5% Nano (5-30 µm). As for SH loss, the highest value was observed for Pla, and the lowest for 5% Nano (ERO or ERO+ABR), without significant differences between Pla×5% NaF (ERO), 5% NaF×5% Micro (ERO+ABR), and 5% Micro×5% Nano (ERO + ABR). In view of the results, it was concluded that the addition of TMP to fluoride varnishes significantly improved protection against erosive enamel wear in vitro and in situ. The use of 5% nano-sized TMP further increased these effects(AU)


Subject(s)
Phosphates , Tooth Erosion , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates
5.
Journal of Southern Medical University ; (12): 344-350, 2019.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-772061

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE@#To establish a quantitative fluorescent detection method using DAPI for detecting inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7.@*METHODS@#The DNA of wild-type strain of EHEC O157:H7 was extracted and purified. DAPI was combined with the extracted DNA and polyP45 standards for measurement of the emission spectra at 360 nm and 415 nm fluorescence spectrophotometry. The fluorescence of DAPI-DNA and DAPI-polyP complexes was detected by fluorescence confocal microscopy to verify the feasibility of DAPI for detecting polyP. To determine the optimal pretreatment protocol for improving the cell membrane permeability, the effects of 6 pretreatments of the cells (namely snap-freezing in liquid nitrogen, freezing at -80 ℃, and freezing at -20 ℃, all followed by thawing at room temperature; heating at 60 ℃ for 10 min; treatment with Triton x-100; and placement at room temperature) were tested on the survival of EHEC O157:H7. The fluorescence values of the treated bacteria were then measured after DAPI staining. A standard calibration curve of polyP standard was established for calculation of the content of polyP in the live cells of wildtype EHEC strain and two mutant strains.@*RESULTS@#At the excitation wavelength of 360 nm, the maximum emission wavelength of DAPI-DNA was 460 nm, and the maximum emission wavelength of DAPI-polyP was 550 nm at the excitation wavelength of 415 nm. The results of confocal microscopy showed that 405 nm excitation elicited blue fluorescence from DAPIDNA complex with the emission wavelength of 425-475 nm; excitation at 488 nm elicited green fluorescence from the DAPIpolyP complex with the emission wavelength of 500-560 nm of. Snap-freezing of cells at -80 ℃ followed by thawing at room temperature was the optimal pretreatment to promote DAPI penetration into the live cells. The standard calibration curve was =1849+127.5 (R=0.991) was used for determining polyP content in the EHEC strains. The experimental results showed that wild-type strain had significantly higher polyP content than the mutant strains with deletion.@*CONCLUSIONS@#We established a convenient quantitative method for direct and reliable detection polyP content to facilitate further study of polyP and its catalytic enzymes in EHEC O157:H7.


Subject(s)
Escherichia coli O157 , Escherichia coli Proteins , Polyphosphates
6.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2018. 110 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1009535

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito do hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP), associado ou não ao fluoreto (F), sobre a composição orgânica, inorgânica e no pH do biofilme mistos de S. mutans e C. albicans formados in vitro. Para todos os estudos, os biofilmes foram formados em poços de placas de microtitulação, colocando uma suspensão (1x107 células/mL C. albicans + 1x108 células/mL S. mutans) em saliva artificial suplementada com sacarose (0,4%), a qual tinha metade de seu conteúdo renovada a cada 24 horas. Os biofilmes foram tratados três vezes (72, 78 e 96 horas de formação), por um minuto, com soluções contendo HMP (0.25, 0.5 ou 1%) com ou sem 500 ppm F, além de soluções contendo 500 e 1100 ppm F. A saliva artificial foi utilizada como controle negativo. Para o estudo microbiológico, após o terceiro tratamento foram realizados os testes de quantificação de células cultiváveis (CFU), biomassa total (teste colorimétrico de cristal violeta ­ CV), atividade metabólica (redução de XTT) e quantificação dos componentes da matriz extracelular (proteína, carboidrato e ácidos nucleicos). Todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata, em três ocasiões diferentes. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância a um critério, seguida pelo teste Fisher LSD (p<0.05). O HMP apresentou efeito redutor principalmente na biomassa, metabolismo e nos componentes da matriz extracelular do biofilme. Biofilmes formados por 96 h formam expostos a três diferentes concentrações de sacarose (10, 20 ou 30%) durante 1, 3 ou 5 min. O pH foi medido antes da exposição à sacarose, imediatamente após sua remoção e após 1, 3, 5 e 10 min após a retirada da sacarose. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância a três critérios, seguida pelo teste Fisher LSD (p<0.05). O biofilme exposto a solução de sacarose a 20% por 3 min exibiu padrão de alteração de pH semelhante ao observado in vivo. Para o estudo da concentração de F, Ca, e Pi, após o período de tratamento, estes foram analisados no biofilme total e no fluido do biofilme após a mensuração do pH do biofilme. Em outro conjunto de experimentos, após o terceiro tratamento (96 h de formação de biofilme) o biofilme foi exposto, por 3 minutos, à solução de sacarose a 20%. Esta foi removida e, após 1 minuto, analisou-se o pH do meio e as concentrações de F, Ca, e Pi tanto na biomassa como no fluido do biofilme. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância a dois critérios, seguida pelo teste de Fisher LSD (p<0.05). O tratamento com HMP aumentou a concentração de F e Pi no fluido do biofilme antes da exposição à sacarose, além de manter o pH do meio mais próximo do neutro, mesmo após a exposição do biofilme à sacarose. Assim, é possível concluir que o HMP interfere na biomassa, metabolismo, composição orgânica e inorgânica, bem como no pH do biofilme testado(AU)


The aim of the present study was to verify the effect of sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP), associated or not to fluoride (F), on the inorganic, organic composition and pH of the mixed biofilm of S. mutans and C. albicans, formed in vitro. For all studies, the biofilms were formed in wells of microtiter plates by placing a suspension (1 x 107 cells/mL C. albicans + 1x108 cells/mL S. mutans) in artificial saliva supplemented with sucrose (0,4%), which had half of its content renewed every 24 hours. Biofilms were treated three times (72, 78 and 96 hours of formation), for one minute, with solutions containing HMP (0.25, 0.5 or 1%) with or without 500 ppm F, as well as solutions containing 500 and 1100 ppm F. Artificial saliva was used as a negative control. For the microbiological study, the following tests were performed: quantification of cultivable cells (UFC), total biomass (colorimetric crystal violet test - CV), metabolic activity (XTT reduction) and quantification of matrix components (protein, carbohydrate and nucleic acid). All assays were performed in triplicate on three different occasions. The results were submitted to one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Fisher LSD's test (p<0.05). HMP showed a reducing effect mainly on the biomass, metabolism and components of the extracellular matrix of the biofilm. Biofilms formed for 96 h were exposed to three different concentrations of sucrose (10, 20 or 30%) for 1, 3 or 5 min. The pH was measured before exposure to sucrose, immediately after its removal and after 1, 3, 5 and 10 min after removal of the sucrose. The results were submitted to 3- way analysis of variance, followed by the Fisher LSD test (p<0.05). The biofilm exposed to 20% sucrose solution for 3 min exhibited a pattern of pH change similar to that observed in vivo. For the study of the concentrations of F, Ca, and Pi, these ions were analyzed in the total biofilm and in the biofilm fluid after treatment with the test solutions and after the pH measurement of the biofilm. In another set of experiments, after the third treatment (96 h of biofilm formation), the biofilms were exposed for 3 minutes to a 20% sucrose solution. This was removed and after 1 minute the biofilms were collected, and the pH of the medium and F, Ca, and Pi concentrations were determined both in the biomass and in the biofilm fluid. The data were submitted to two-way analysis of variance, followed by Fisher LSD's test (p<0.05). Treatment with HMP increased F and Pi concentration of the biofilm fluid prior sucrose exposition, and maintained the pH of the medium close to neutral values even after exposure of the biofilm to sucrose. Thus, it is possible to conclude that HMP interferes in the biomass, metabolism, organic and inorganic composition and the pH of the biofilm tested(AU)


Subject(s)
Phosphates , Streptococcus mutans , Candida albicans , Fluorine , Polyphosphates , Biofilms , Fluorides , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
7.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2018. 61 p. tab, ilus, graf.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-915582

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi sintetizar e caracterizar nanocompósitos formados por polifosfatos (trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) ou hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP)) e flúor (F) associados à nanopartículas de prata. Esses nanocompósitos foram avaliados quanto à sua ação anti-biofilme de Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) e Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) e seu potencial em inibir a desmineralização do esmalte dentário por meio de ensaio in vitro de ciclagem de pH. As nanopartículas de prata foram sintetizadas através da redução do nitrato de prata (1 ou 10%) pelo borihidreto de sódio (NaBH4) em meio isopropílico contendo trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) ou hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP)) e flúor (F). Os nanocompósitos foram caracterizados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e por difração de raios-X, e também determinada a concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) contra células planctônicas de C. albicans e S. mutans. A efetividade contra biofilmes préformados de 24h dos nanocompósitos, foi testada em concentrações de 1x e 10x os valores de MIC (de 40µg Ag ml−1), avaliada através da quantificação de células cultiváveis (CFUs), da atividade metabólica (XTT) e da biomassa total (Cristal Violeta). Os nanocompósitos contendo 10% de Ag apresentaram maior efetividade antimicrobiana contra ambos os microrganismos, comparados aos nanocompósitos contendo 1% de prata. O biofilme de S. mutans foi mais suscetível aos nanocompósitos TMP ou HMP/AgNP que o biofilme de C. albicans, com reduções respectivas de 2,88-3,71 log10 e 0,45-1,43 log10. Os nanocompósitos permitiram uma diminuição de cerca de 75% da biomassa total e em torno de 90% da atividade metabólica em ambos os biofilmes. Para avaliação in vitro do potencial anticárie, foi sintetizado um novo nanocompósito contendo 0,2% de TMP, 100 ppm de flúor e 10% de Ag e caracterizado por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). Blocos de esmalte bovino (4 mm x 4 mm, n = 60) selecionados pela dureza superficial inicial (SHi) foram alocados em cinco grupos (n = 12): água deionizada (Placebo), 100 ppm F (100F), 225 ppm F (225F), 100 ppm F + 0,2% TMP (100F/TMP) e 100 ppm F + 0,2% TMP + 10% Ag (100F/TMP/Ag). Os blocos foram tratados 2x ao dia com as soluções e submetidos a cinco ciclos de pH (soluções des e remineralizadora) à 37° C. Em seguida, determinou-se a dureza superficial final (SHf) e a dureza subsuperficial integrada (ΔKHN), e a concentração de fluoreto (F) e cálcio (Ca) no esmalte. A efetividade desse nanocompósisto (100F/TMP/Ag) contra a formação de biofilmes simples e misto de C. albicans (ATCC 10231) e S. mutans (ATCC 25175) foi avaliada por meio da contagem de unidades formadoras de colônias (CFUs). Os biofilmes foram também analisados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A dureza superficial (% SH) foi similar nas amostras tratadas com soluções contendo 225F, 100F/TMP e 100F/TMP/Ag (p> 0,001). Além disso, a capacidade de reduzir o corpo da lesão (ΔKHN) foi maior em 110F, 225F, 100F/TMP e 100F/TMP/Ag (p <0,001) na área A (5-20 µm) e na área B somente com 225F e 100F/TMP. O grupo 100F/ TMP/Ag apresentou maior desmineralização na área B (20-130 µm) (p <0,001). A concentração de F da solução 100F/TMP/Ag foi semelhante a 225F (p <0,001). Os grupos 100F, 225F, 100F/TMP e 100F/TMP/Ag apresentaram a maior e similar concentração de Ca (p> 0,001). A dureza superficial (% SH) foi similar nas amostras tratadas com soluções contendo 225F, 100F / TMP e 100F / TMP / Ag (p> 0,001). Além disso, a capacidade de reduzir o corpo da lesão (ΔKHN) foi maior em 110F, 225F, 100F / TMP e 100F / TMP / Ag (p <0,001) na zona A (5-20 µm) e na zona B apenas com 225F e 100F / TMP. O grupo 100F / TMP / Ag apresentou maior desmineralização na zona B (20-130 µm) (p <0,001). A concentração de F da solução 100F / TMP / Ag foi semelhante a 225F (p <0,001). Os grupos 100F, 225F, 100F / TMP e 100F / TMP / Ag apresentaram a maior e a mesma concentração de Ca (p> 0,001).Embora a solução 100F/TMP/Ag tenha apresentado valores mais baixos de áreas profundas do que a solução contendo 225 ppm F, o nanocompósito foi capaz de inibir a desmineralização da superfície do esmalte. Estes nanocompósitos demonstraram atividade antimicrobiana significativa, especialmente contra S. mutans, e podem ser considerados uma alternativa potencial para novos biomateriais odontológicos, visando a prevenção ou tratamento de lesões cariosas(AU)


The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize nanocomposites formed polyphosphates (sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) or sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP)) and fluoride (F) associated with silver nanoparticles. The anti-biofilm activity of the nanocomposites were evaluated against Candida albicans (ATCC ATCC 10231) and Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) . as well as their potential in inhibiting demineralization and increasing the remineralization of dental enamel by in vitro pH cycling assay. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate (1 or 10%) by sodium borohydride (NaBH4) in isopropylic medium containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) or sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP)) and fluoride (F). The nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the nanocomposites was determined against planktonic cells of C. albicans and S. mutans. Effectiveness of preformed 24-hour biofilms of nanocomposites at 1x and 10x MIC values was assessed by quantifying viable cells (CFUs), metabolic activity (XTT) and total biomass (Crystal Violet). The nanocomposites containing 10% Ag showed higher antimicrobial effectiveness against both microorganisms compared to nanocomposites containing 1% silver. The S. mutans biofilm was more susceptible to the TMP or HMP-AgNP nanocomposites than the C. albicans biofilm, with respective reductions of 2.88- 3.71 log10 and 0.45-1.43 log10. The nanocomposites allowed a reduction of about 75% of the total biomass and about 90% of the metabolic activity in both biofilms. For the in vitro evaluation of the anticaries potential, a new nanocomposite containing 0.2% TMP, 100 ppm fluorine and 10% Ag was synthesized and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bovine enamel blocks (4 mm x 4 mm, n = 60) selected by initial surface hardness (SHi) were allocated in five groups (n=12): deionized water (Placebo), 100 ppm F (100 F), 225 ppm F (225 F), 100 ppm F + 0.2% TMP (100 F / TMP) and 100 ppm F + 0.2% TMP + 10% Ag (100F / TMP / Ag). The blocks were treated 2x daily with the solutions and subjected to five pH cycles (deismineralizang and remineralizing solutions) at 37 ° C. Then, the final surface hardness (SHf) and integrated subsurface hardness (ΔKHN), the concentration of fluoride (F) and calcium (Ca) in the enamel was determined. The effectiveness of this nanocomposite (100F / TMP / Ag) against the formation of single and mixed biofilms of C. albicans (ATCC 10231) and S. mutans (ATCC 25175) was evaluated by the counting colony forming units (CFUs). Biofilms were also analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Similar values of %SH were observed for groups 225F, 100F/TMP and 100F/TMP Ag (p> 0.001). The 225F, 100F/TMP and 100F/TMP/Ag solutions showed capacity to reduce the lesion body (ΔKHN) in the depth of 5-20 µm. F concentration was similar in the enamel for the 100F/TMP/Ag and 225F (p> 0.001). The groups 100F, 225F, 100F/TMP and 100F/TMP/Ag presented the highest and the same concentration of Ca (p> 0.001). In relation to viable cells 100F/TMP/Ag nanocomposite promoted significant log reductions in the number of CFUs of S. mutans, of 5.42 and 4.46 log10 respectively in single and mixed biofilms and C. albicans was more resistant. SEM images confirmed these results. The surface hardness (% SH) was similar in the samples treated with solutions containing 225F, 100F/TMP and 100F/TMP/Ag (p> 0.001). In addition, the ability to reduce the lesion body (ΔKHN) was greater in 110F, 225F, 100F / TMP and 100F/TMP/Ag (p <0.001) in zone A (5-20 µm) and in zone B only with 225F and 100F/TMP. The 100F/TMP/Ag group showed greater demineralization in zone B (20-130 µm) (p <0.001). The F concentration of the 100F/TMP/Ag solution was similar to 225F (p <0.001). Groups 100F, 225F, 100F/TMP and 100F/TMP/Ag showed the highest and the same concentration of Ca (p> 0.001).Although the 100F/TMP/Ag solution yielded lower values of lesion deep areas than the solution containing 225 ppm F, but the nanocomposite was able to inhibit demineralization of surface of enamel. These compounds have demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, especially against S. mutans, and can be considered a potential alternative for new dental biomaterials, aiming at the prevention or treatment of carious lesions(AU)


Subject(s)
Biofilms , Dental Caries , Nanoparticles , Polyphosphates , Silver , Biocompatible Materials , Candida albicans , Effectiveness , Microscopy, Electrochemical, Scanning , Streptococcus mutans , Tooth Demineralization
8.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2017. 104 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-911434

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de vernizes fluoretados contendo nanopartículas de trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie e erosão de esmalte dental in vitro. Assim como o padrão de liberação de F e TMP a partir destas formulações. Os vernizes testados foram: Placebo (sem flúor ou TMP, controle negativo), 2,5% NaF, 5% NaF (controle positivo), 5% NaF + 5% TMP microparticulado, 5% NaF + 2,5% TMP nanoparticulado, 5% NaF + 5% TMP nanoparticulado, além de uma formulação comercial (Duraphat), doravante denominados PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano e Duraphat, respectivamente. Na 1ª fase, lesões de cárie artificiais foram induzidas em blocos de esmalte bovino (n=168), os quais foram selecionados por dureza de superfície (DS). Os blocos receberam uma aplicação dos vernizes supracitados, permanecendo em contato durante 6 h. Metade dos blocos (n=12/grupo) foi utilizada para determinação da concentração de CaF2 e FA formado após o tratamento com os vernizes. A outra metade foi submetida um modelo de ciclagem de pH (6 dias). Os blocos foram analisados quanto a porcentagem de recuperação de dureza de superfície (%RDS), dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN), CaF2 e FA retidos após a ciclagem de pH. Os vernizes contendo TMP promoveram %RDS significativamente maior em comparação ao verniz contendo 5%F, sem diferenças significativas entre os vernizes com TMP. Um padrão semelhante foi observado para ΔKHN, embora os valores obtidos para 5%F+5%TMPnano tenham sido 25% menores que os obtidos para 5%F+5%TMPmicro. As maiores concentrações de CaF2 foram promovidas pelos vernizes 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro e Duraphat. A 2ª fase avaliou o efeito protetor dos vernizes PLA, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano e 5%F+5%TMPnano sobre a erosão de esmalte bovino. Os espécimes (n=8), selecionados por DS, receberam uma única aplicação dos vernizes, permanecendo em contato durante 6 h. Em seguida, os vernizes foram removidos e os blocos, submetidos a quatro desafios erosivos individuais (1 minuto, ácido cítrico, 0,75%, pH = 3,5, sob agitação), sendo analisados por DS após cada desafio. Em geral, observou-se a maior porcentagem de alteração de DS para PLA, seguido de 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro e ambos os vernizes contendo TMPnano, sem diferenças significativas entre 5%F+2,5%TMPnano e 5%F+5%TMPnano. Por fim, a 3ª fase avaliou o padrão de liberação de flúor e fosfato dos vernizes PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2,5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano e Duraphat ao longo de 24 h, em um modelo de ciclagem de pH. Os vernizes foram aplicados em tiras de poliéster (n=8/grupo), as quais foram alternadamente imersas em soluções remineralizadora e desmineralizadora aos 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 540, 600, 720, 780, 960, 1200 e 1440 min após a primeira imersão. As soluções foram analisadas quanto às concentrações de flúor e fosfato. Os vernizes contendo TMP apresentaram um padrão crescente exponencial quanto a liberação cumulativa de flúor até 6 horas, atingindo um platô nos tempos seguintes. Em acréscimo, os vernizes liberaram maiores quantidades de flúor quando imersos em solução desmineralizadora. De forma geral, os vernizes contendo TMPnano liberaram quantidades significativamente maiores de flúor em comparação ao TMPmicro. Os resultados da 1ª fase permitem concluir que a adição de TMP a vernizes fluoretados aumenta significativamente seu potencial remineralizador em lesões de cárie artificiais, com um efeito adicional com o uso de TMPnano em relação ao TMPmicro, embora este acréscimo não seja estatisticamente significativo. Quanto ao efeito contra desafios erosivos (2ª fase), um padrão semelhante foi observado, tendo o maior efeito protetor sido observado para os vernizes contendo TMPnano, o qual foi significativamente maior que os demais grupos. O maior efeito dos vernizes suplementados com TMP parece estar relacionado à maior liberação de flúor destes (3ª fase), especialmente TMPmicro, associada à liberação constante de TMP a partir destas formulações(AU)


The present study evaluated the effect of fluoride varnishes containing nanosized sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the remineralization of artificial caries lesions and erosion of dental enamel in vitro. As well as the pattern of F and TMP release from these formulations. The varnishes tested were: Placebo (without fluoride or TMP, negative control), 2.5% NaF, 5% NaF (positive control), 5% NaF + 5% TMP micrometric, 5% NaF + 2.5% nano-sized TMP, 5% NaF + 5% nano-sized TMP, besides a commercial formulation (Duraphat), hereafter referred to as PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano and Duraphat, respectively. In the first phase, artificial caries lesions were induced on bovine enamel blocks (n=168), which were selected by surface hardness (SH). Blocks received a single application of the aforementioned varnishes, remaining in contact for 6 h. Half of the blocks (n=12/group) were used to determine the concentration of CaF2 and FA fluoride formed on the specimens after the treatment with the varnishes. The other half was subjected to a pH cycling model (6 days). The blocks were analyzed for the percentage of SH recovery (%SHR), cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN), CaF2 and FA retained after pH cycling. The varnishes containing TMP promoted significantly higher %SHR compared to 5%F, without significant differences among the TMP-containing varnishes. A similar pattern was observed for ΔKHN, although the values obtained for 5%F+5%TMPnano were 25% lower than those obtained for 5%F+5%TMPmicro. The highest CaF2 concentrations were promoted by 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro and Duraphat varnishes. The second phase evaluated the protective effect of PLA, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano and 5%F+5%TMPnano varnishes on initial erosion of bovine enamel. Specimens (n=8), selected by SH, received a single application of the varnishes, remaining in contact for 6 h. Varnishes were then removed and the blocks, submitted to four individual erosive challenges (1 minute, citric acid, 0.75%, pH = 3.5, under stirring) and analyzed by SH after each challenge. Overall, the highest percentage of SH change was observed for PLA, followed by 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro and both varnishes containing TMPnano, with no significant differences between 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano. Finally, the third phase evaluated the pattern of fluoride and phosphate release from PLA, 2.5%F, 5%F, 5%F+5%TMPmicro, 5%F+2.5%TMPnano, 5%F+5%TMPnano and Duraphat varnishes over 24 h, in a pH cycling model. The varnishes were applied on polyester sheets (n=8/group), which were alternately immersed in remineralizing and demineralizing solutions at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360, 420, 540, 600, 720 , 780, 960, 1200 and 1440 min after the first immersion. The solutions were analyzed for fluoride and phosphate concentrations. The varnishes containing TMP promoted an increasing, exponential pattern for the cumulative fluoride release up to 6 hours, reaching a plateau afterwards. In addition, higher quantities of fluoride were released when varnishes were immersed in the demineralizing solution. In general, varnishes containing TMPnano released significantly higher amount of fluoride compared to TMPmicro. The results of the 1st phase allow to conclude that the addition of TMP to fluoride varnishes significantly increases its remineralizing potential in artificial caries lesions, with an additional effect with the use of TMPnano in relation to TMPmicro, this increment was not statistically significant. As for the effect against erosive challenges (2nd phase), a similar pattern was observed, with the highest protective effect observed for both varnishes containing TMPnano, which was significantly higher than the other groups. The higher effect of varnishes supplemented with TMP seems to be related to the higher fluoride release from these products (3rd phase), especially TMPmicro, associated to the constant release of TMP from these formulations(AU)


Subject(s)
Dental Caries , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Erosion , Dental Enamel , Nanoparticles
9.
Bauru; s.n; 2017. 122 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-883777

ABSTRACT

The adhesive process to dentin substrate depends on the condition determined by the combined action of the mineral loss and the endogenous enzymes activity. Thus, considering a more complete therapeutic approach, sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) may be a novel strategy that conciliates the remineralization potential to the promotion of dentin strengthening and its stability, possibly directing mineral nucleation and controlling the rate of biodegradation. In this study, the effect of STMP was evaluated in 2 studies. In study 1, different concentrations of STMP (0.5, 1.5, 3.5 and 5%) were investigated to assess their anti-proteolytic capacity on human purified MMPs-2 and -9 by zymography. Afterwards, only the concentrations (1.5, 3.5 and 5%) that showed total inhibition of both MMPs were used to evaluate their remineralizing capacity in dentin substrate submitted to artificial cariogenic challenge, through surface hardness (SH) and cross-sectional hardness (CSH). In study 2, based on the previous results, the capacity of the 1.5% STMP associated or not with NaF or Ca(OH)2 solutions in improving the dentin bond strength of a universal adhesive system was evaluated by the microtensile test . Thus, these studies suggest that 1.5% STMP is an effective inhibitor of collagen degradation mediated by purified human MMPs-2 and -9. In addition, demineralized and treated dentin with 1.5% STMP supplemented with Ca(OH)2 may induce remineralization. Thus, the use of STMP can be introduced as a new strategy that combines enzymatic inhibition and remineralization potential, reestablishing favorable conditions to affected dentin. These evidences support perspectives of therapies to restructure dentin and propose feasible and promising clinical strategies.(AU)


O processo adesivo ao substrato dentinário depende da condição determinada pela ação combinada da perda mineral e atividade de enzimas endógenas. Deste modo, considerando uma abordagem terapêutica mais completa, o trimetafosfato de sódio (STMP) pode ser uma estratégia inovadora que concilia o potencial remineralizador à promoção do fortalecimento da dentina e sua estabilidade, possivelmente direcionando a nucleação mineral e controlando a taxa de biodegradação. Neste trabalho, o efeito do STMP foi avaliado em 2 estudos. No estudo 1, diferentes concentrações de STMP (0,5; 1,5; 3,5 e 5%) foram investigadas para avaliar sua capacidade anti-proteolítica sobre as MMPs-2 e -9 purificadas humanas, por zimografia. Posteriormente, somente as concentrações (1,5; 3,5 e 5%) que apresentaram capacidade de inibição total de ambas MMPs foram utilizadas para avaliar sua capacidade remineralizadora em substrato dentinário submetido ao desafio cariogênico artificial, através da dureza de superfície (DS) e longitudinal (DL). No estudo 2, baseado nos resultados anteriores, foi avaliada a capacidade do STMP à 1,5% associado ou não a soluções de NaF ou Ca(OH)2 em melhorar a resistência de união à dentina de um sistema adesivo universal pelo teste de microtração. Desta forma, estes estudos sugerem que o STMP à 1,5% apresenta-se como um inibidor eficaz da degradação do colágeno mediada por MMPs-2 e -9 humanas purificadas. Além disso, a dentina humana desmineralizada e tratada com STMP à 1,5% suplementada com Ca(OH)2 pode induzir à remineralização. Assim, o uso de STMP pode ser introduzido como uma nova estratégia que combina inibição enzimática e potencial de remineralização, reestabelecendo condições favoráveis a partir de uma dentina afetada. Estas evidências sustentam perspectivas de terapias para reestruturar a dentina e propor estratégias clínicas factíveis e promissoras.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Cariostatic Agents/chemistry , Dentin/drug effects , Matrix Metalloproteinases/drug effects , Polyphosphates/chemistry , Tooth Remineralization/methods , Hardness Tests , Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors/chemistry , Reproducibility of Results , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Tensile Strength
10.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2017. 134 p. graf, tab.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-880404

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo avaliou o efeito de vernizes fluoretados contendo trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) sobre a desmineralização, remineralização e desgaste erosivo do esmalte dentário, utilizando protocolos in vitro e in situ, bem como sobre o desenvolvimento de lesões de cárie em criançase adolescentese, m um protocolo longitudinal randomizadoe controlado. O estudo foi realizado em 6 fases distintas. As etapas 1 a 5 foram realizadas utilizando espécimes de esmalte dental bovino, sobre os quais os vernizes foram aplicados uma única vez, pennanecendo em contato durante 6 horas. Na 1ª etapa, foram testados vernizes contendo 5% NaF (controle positivo), 2,5% NaF contendo O, 3,5, 5,0 e 10,0% TMP, além de uma formulação sem F ou TMP (PLA, placebo), em um protocolo in vitro. Os espécimes foram submetidos a desafios erosivos (ERO -Sprite Zero®, 5 min, 4x/dia, 5 dias), associados ou não a abração por escovação (ERO+ABR). Na 2ª etapa, o efeito dos vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 2,5% NaF (suplementado ou não com 5% TMP) sobre ERO e ERO+ABR foram analisados em um protocolo in situ, duplo-cego e cruzado. Voluntários (n=10) usaram dispositivos acrílicos palatinos contendo 4 blocos de esmalte. ERO foi produzida ex vivo (ácido cítrico, 5 min, 4x/dia, 5 dias), enquanto ERO+ABR foi produzida por escovação de 2 blocos (15 s, dentifrício sem F). Em ambas as etapas, os vernizes contendo TMP promoveram desgaste e perda em profundidade no esmalte (∆KHN) significativamente menores quando comparados aos demais vernizes, para ERO e ERO+ABR. Na 3ª e 4ª etapas, vernizes contendo 2.5% NaF e 5% NaF (suplementados ou não com 5% TMP), PLA, uma formulação comercial (Duraphat®, 5% NaF) e um verniz contendo 5% TMP, foram avaliados quanto a seu efeito remineralizador (lesões artificiais de cárie) e protetor (esmalte hígido), em modelos de ciclagem de pH (7 dias). Um efeito sinérgico foi observado entre F e TMP sobre a porcentagem de recuperação (3ª etapa) e sobre a porcentagem de perda (4ª etapa) de dureza de superfície, bem como sobre ∆KHN (3ª e 4ª etapas). Na 5ª etapa, o efeito remineralizador dos vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 5% TMP foi avaliado em um protocolo in situ, duplo-cego e cruzado, confirmando os achados da 3ª etapa, em indivíduos utilizando dentifrício fluoretado. Por fim, na 6ª etapa, os vernizes PLA, 5% NaF e 5% NaF + 5% TMP foram avaliados em um estudo clínico randomizado e controlado, conduzido em crianças (n=390, 3-4 anos de idade) e adolescentes (n=570, 11-15 anos de idade) residentes em Boa Vista (RR), os quais receberam aplicações trimestrais dos vernizes e foram acompanhados durante 12 meses. O menos incremento nos índices ceo-s e CPO-S foram observados para o grupo tratado com o verniz 5% NaF + 5% TMP, seguido por 5% NaF e PLA. Concluiu-se que a adição de TMP a vernizes fluoretados é uma alternativa promissora na prevenção e tratamento de lesões de cárie, com potencial aplicação na redução do desgaste dental erosivo(AU)


The present study assessed the effect of fluoridated varnishes containing sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on the demineralization, remineralization and erosive wear of dental enamel, using in vitro and in situ protocols, as well as on the development of caries lesions in children and adolescents, in a randomized and controlled clinical protocol. The study was conducted in 6 different phases. Phases 1 to 5 were performed using bovine dental enamel specimens, over which the varnishes were applied only once, remaining in contact for 6 hours. In the first phase, varnishes containing 5% NaF (positive control), 2.5% NaF supplemented with O, 3.5, 5.0 and 10.0% TMP, and also a formulation without F or TMP (PLA, placebo) were tested in an in vitro protocol. The specimens were submitted to erosive challenges (ERO -Sprite Zero®, 5 min, 4x/ day, 5 days), followed or not by brushing (ERO+ABR). In the second phase, the effect of PLA, 5% NaF and 2.5% NaF varnishes (supplemented or not with 5% TMP) on ERO and ERO+ABR were analyzed in situ. Volunteers (n=10) used acrylic palatal devices containing 4 blocks of enamel. ERO was performed ex vivo (immersion in citric acid, 5 min, 4x/day, 5 days), while ERO+ABR was produced by brushing 2 of the blocks (15 s, F-free dentifrice). In both phases, the varnishes containing TMP promoted significantly lower wear and integrated hardness loss in depth (∆KHN) when compared to the other varnishes, both for ERO and ERO+ABR. In the 3rd and 4th phases, varnishes containing 2.5% NaF and 5% NaF, supplemented or not with 5% TMP, PLA, a commercial formulation (Duraphat®, 5% NaF) and a varnish containing 5% TMP were assessed regarding their remineralizing (artificial caries lesions) and protective (sound enamel) effects, using pH cycling models (7 days). A synergistic effect between F and TMP was observed on the percentage of surface hardness recovery (3rd phase), on the percentage of surface hardness loss (4th stage), as well as on ΔKHN (3rd and 4th stages). In the 5th stage, the remineralizing effect of PLA, 5% NaF and 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnishes was evaluated using a short-term (3 days) in situ protocol, confirming the findings of the 3rd phase, in individuals using fluoridated dentifrice. Finally, in the 6 th phase, PLA, 5% NaF and 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnishes were evaluated in a randomized controlled trial conducted in children (n = 390, 3-4 years of age) and adolescents (n = 570, 11-15 years of age) living in Boa Vista (northern region of Brazil), who received quarterly applications of the varnishes and were examined along a 12-month period. The lowest dmfs and DMFS increments were observed for the groups treated with 5% NaF + 5% TMP varnish, followed by 5% NaF and PLA. It was concluded that the addition of TMP to fluoride varnishes is a promising alternative in the prevention and treatment of caries lesions, with potential application in the reduction of erosive dental wear(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Dental Caries , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Erosion , Dental Enamel
11.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 70(2): 147-150, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-797065

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Estudar o efeito anticárie da adição de trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) aos compostos fluoretados (dentifrícios, vernizes e soluções) para prevenção e tratamento de lesões de cárie através de uma revisão de literatura. Materiais e Métodos: Foram selecionados artigos de pesquisa e revisões sistemáticas da literatura mais relevantes sobre o assunto publicados na língua inglesa, desde 1968 até 2015, pesquisados no PubMed. As palavras-chave utilizadas foram: trimetafosfato de sódio, cárie dentária e fluoretos.Resultados: Foram apresentados os principais resultados de trabalhos de pesquisa sobre o TMP quando associado aos dentifrícios, vernizes e soluções para bochechos e estudos clínicos longitudinais. Conclusão: Os estudos in vitro e in situ mostram que o trimetafosfato de sódio pode potencializar a eficácia do flúor na prevenção e tratamento da cárie dentária, porém ainda faltam estudos para entender o mecanismo de ação do TMP, além de estudos clínicos para comprovar sua eficácia e indicação.


Objective: The aim of this work was to study the anticaries effect of adding sodium trimeta phosphate (TMP) to fluoride compounds (tooth pastes, varnishes and mouthrinse)for prevention and treatment of caries lesions with a review of the literature. Materials and Methods: The most relevant research articles and systematic reviews on the subject published in English, were selected from 1968 to 2015, browsed on Pubmed. The key words used were: sodium trimetaphosphate, dental caries and fluorides. Results: Themain results of research articles on the TMP associated with dentifrices, varnishes and mouthrinses and longitudinal clinical studies were presented. Conclusion: In situ and in vitro studies have shown that TMP might increase the effectiveness of fluoride in the prevention and treatment of caries, but there are few studies that explain its mechanism of action, as well as clinical studies to demonstrate its anticaries effect and indication.


Subject(s)
Dental Caries/classification , Dental Caries/complications , Dental Caries/diagnosis , Fluorides , Fluorine Compounds , Polyphosphates , Sodium Compounds
12.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 30(1): e64, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-952063

ABSTRACT

Abstract This study assessed fluoride (F) and sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) release into artificial saliva from varnishes containing 0%, 2.5%, and 5% NaF, supplemented or not with 5% TMP. The varnishes were applied on polyester sheets (n = 8/group), and F and TMP released into artificial saliva were measured for up to 24 hours. The amount of F and TMP released were directly related to NaF and TMP concentrations in the varnishes. The highest F release was seen for 5% NaF and 5% NaF + 5% TMP, whereas 5% TMP released the highest amount of TMP. However, the simultaneous addition of NaF and TMP to varnishes significantly reduced the amount of F and TMP released from the products.


Subject(s)
Reference Values , Sodium Fluoride/chemistry , Cariostatic Agents/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Fluorides/chemistry , Polyphosphates/chemistry , Saliva, Artificial , Time Factors , Analysis of Variance
13.
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) ; (12): 1181-1185, 2016.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-815113

ABSTRACT

To explore the effect of long-time propofol infusion on myocardial enzymes, mitochondrial cytochrome C and ATP in rabbits. 
 Methods: A total of 18 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: a control group, a propofol group and an intralipid group. The rabbits were continuously infused with 0.9% normal saline in the control group, 1% propofol in the propofol group, and 10% intralipid in the intralipid group, respectivey. The arterial blood was collected at 0, 8, 16 h and the end of experiment to examine creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB). In the end, the myocardial mitochondria from myocardial tissues was separated by differential centrifugation, and mitochondrial cytochrome C content and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels were examined by high performance liquid chromatography.
 Results: Compared with the control group, the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria were increased in the propofol group and the intralipid group (both P0.05). There was also no significant difference in the ATP content of the mitochondria among the 3 groups (P>0.05). The levels of CK were increased at 8, 16 and 24 h after infusion in the propofol group and the intralipid group compared with that before the infusion (all P0.05); compared with the control group, the levels of CK-MB were obviously increased in the infusion of propofol for 24 h in the propofol group (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: The levels of serum CK increase after the infusion of propofol and intralipid for a long time, and the levels of CK-MB also elevate in the infusion of propofol. Propofol and intralipid can increase the release of myocardial mitochondrial cytochrome C, but they don't affect the ATP production in myocardial mitochondrial.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Adenosine Triphosphate , Metabolism , Creatine Kinase , Blood , Metabolism , Creatine Kinase, MB Form , Blood , Metabolism , Cytochromes c , Metabolism , Emulsions , Pharmacology , Infusions, Intravenous , Mitochondria , Myocardium , Chemistry , Phospholipids , Pharmacology , Polyphosphates , Propofol , Pharmacology , Soybean Oil , Pharmacology
14.
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 18(6): 418-427, Nov. 2015. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-772285

ABSTRACT

Background The effects of exposure to copper, during growth, on the production of biomass, total protein, catalase, glutathione-S transferase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxidase, polyphosphate, acid and alkaline phosphatases, ultrastructure and the ability to remove this metal from Aspergillus niger, obtained from caatinga soil, were evaluated. Results All parameters tested were influenced by the concentration of metal in the culture medium. The presence of metal induced high levels of antioxidant enzymes, including lipid peroxidation, thereby revealing the appearance of an oxidative stress response. The variation in polyphosphate levels indicates the participation of the polymer in response to stress induced by copper. The activities of the phosphatases were positively influenced by growing them in the presence of copper. Ultrastructure changes in the cell surface, electron density, thickness, and septation were visualized by exposing cells to increasingly larger concentrations of metal. The isolate was able to remove the agent from the growth medium, while maintaining its physiological functions. The metal removed from the cultures exposed to 0.5 mM, 1 mM and 2 mM copper exhibited percentages of removal equivalent to 75.78%, 66.04% and 33.51%. Conclusions The results indicate that the isolate was able to grow in high concentrations of copper, activates mechanisms for adaptation and tolerance in the presence of metal, and is highly efficient at removing the agent. Such data are fundamental if a better understanding is to be reached of the cellular and molecular abilities of native isolates, which can be used to develop bioprocesses in environmental and industrial areas.


Subject(s)
Aspergillus niger/enzymology , Aspergillus niger/physiology , Adaptation, Biological , Oxidative Stress , Copper/chemistry , Polyphosphates , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Lipid Peroxidation , Enzymes , Antioxidants
15.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2015. 73 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761295

ABSTRACT

Estudos recentes demonstraram que dentifrícios com concentração reduzida de fluoreto (DCRF, 550 μg F/g) suplementados com cálcio ou fosfato apresentam efetividade clínica semelhante à de um dentifrício convencional (DC, 1100 μg F/g). Entretanto, o mecanismo pelo qual estes compostos atuam nos processos de des- e remineralização ainda é incerto. O presente estudo avaliou a concentração de F e Ca no fluido do biofilme formado in situ sob desafio cariogênico após o uso de dentifrícios fluoretados, suplementados ou não com trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) ou glicerofosfato de cálcio (CaGP). Voluntários (n=12) foram aleatoriamente divididos em 5 grupos, de acordo com os seguintes dentifrícios: Placebo (sem F, TMP ou CaGP), DC, DCRF sem suplementação (550F) e DCRF suplementado com 1% TMP (550F-TMP) ou 0,25% CaGP (550F-CaGP). Em cada fase, os voluntários utilizaram um dispositivo palatino contendo 4 blocos de esmalte bovino. O desafio cariogênico foi realizado com solução de sacarose 30%, 6 vezes ao dia. Na manhã do 8º dia, o biofilme foi coletado 1h e 12h após a escovação e desafio cariogênico. As análises de F e Ca foram realizadas com eletrodo invertido após tamponamento com TISAB III e por espectrofotometria (Arsenazo III), respectivamente. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA a 2 critérios (medidas repetidas) e teste de Student-Newman-Keuls (p<0,05). Uma relação dose-resposta entre as concentrações de F nos dentifrícios e no fluido do biofilme foi verificada...


Recent studies demonstrated that low fluoride dentifrices (LFD, 550 μg F/g) supplemented with calcium or phosphate have a similar effectiveness to a conventional dentifrice (CD, 1100 μg F/g). However, the mechanisms by which these compounds act on the de- and remineralization processes remain unclear. The present study evaluated fluoride (F) and calcium (Ca) concentrations in the biofilm fluid formed in situ under cariogenic challenge after using F dentifrices, supplemented or not with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) or calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP). Volunteers (n=12) were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the following toothpastes: Placebo (no F or CaGP, TMP), CD and LFD with no supplementation (550F) or supplemented with 1% TMP (550F-TMP) or 0.25% CaGP (550F-CaGP). In each phase, volunteers wore palatal appliances containing 4 bovine enamel blocks. The cariogenic challenge was produced using a 30% sucrose solution, 6 times a day. On the morning of the 8th day, biofilm samples were collected 1h and 12h after brushing and cariogenic challenge. F and Ca analyzes were performed with the inverted electrode after buffering with TISAB III and using the Arsenazo III method, respectively. Data were submitted to 2-way ANOVA (repeated measures) and Student-Newman-Keuls test (p<0.05). A dose-response relationship was verified between F concentrations in the dentifrices and those in the biofilm fluid. Significant differences were observed among Placebo, 550F and CD only 1 h after brushing, without statistical differences among 550F, 550F-TMP and 550F-CaGP. No defined trend was observed among the groups regarding Ca concentrations in the biofilm fluid, with the highest values found for Placebo and 500F-CaGP. It was concluded that the anticaries effects of LFDs supplemented with CaGP or TMP cannot be related to an increased availability of F and Ca in the biofilm fluid...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Dental Caries , Dental Plaque , Dentifrices , Fluorides , Polyphosphates
16.
Biol. Res ; 48: 1-6, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950786

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to be a multidrug resistant opportunistic pathogen. Particularly, P. aeruginosa PAO1 polyphosphate kinase mutant (ppk1) is deficient in motility, quorum sensing, biofilm formation and virulence. FINDINGS: By using Phenotypic Microarrays (PM) we analyzed near 2000 phenotypes of P. aeruginosa PAO1 polyP kinase mutants (ppk1 and ppk2). We found that both ppk mutants shared most of the phenotypic changes and interestingly many of them related to susceptibility toward numerous and different type of antibiotics such as Ciprofloxacin, Chloramphenicol and Rifampicin. CONCLUSIONS: Combining the fact that ppk1 mutants have reduced virulence and are more susceptible to antibiotics, polyP synthesis and particularly PPK1, is a good target for the design of molecules with anti-virulence and anti-persistence properties.


Subject(s)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzymology , Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/genetics , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics , Microarray Analysis/methods , Mutation , Phenotype , Polyphosphates/metabolism , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/pathogenicity , Rifampin/pharmacology , Virulence/genetics , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Chloramphenicol/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
17.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2014. 112 p. ilus, tab, graf.
Thesis in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867303

ABSTRACT

Este estudo avaliou o efeito do trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP) e hexametafosfato de sódio (HMP) associados ou não ao fluoreto (F) na dissolução e estrutura da hidroxiapatita (HA). Para tanto, o estudo foi dividido em três subprojetos. Nos subprojetos 1 e 2, o pó de HA sintética (n=6) foi tratado com soluções contendo entre 0 e 10% de TMP associado a 0, 100, 250, 500 (Subprojeto 1) e a 0, 1100, 4500 e 9000 ppm F (Subprojeto 2), sendo submetido a um ciclo de pH. As concentrações de F alcáli- e ácido solúvel, cálcio (Ca) e fósforo (P) foram determinadas na HA, e as de P e F no sobrenadante. As amostras foram analisadas pela espectroscopia no infravermelho (FTIR), difração de Raios-X (DRX) e espectroscopia de energia dispersiva (EDX). No Subprojeto 3, discos de HA foram empregados para avaliar a taxa de dissolução da mesma utilizando o sistema pHstat. Estes foram tratados com soluções contendo 1100 ppm F, 1 e 8% de HMP ou TMP e 1100 ppm F associado com 1 e 8% de HMP ou TMP, totalizando 9 grupos (n=8). A influência da película salivar também foi avaliada. Discos de HA foram mantidos em saliva humana previamente ao tratamento com água deionizada e 1100 ppm F associado com 1 e 8% de HMP ou TMP, totalizando 5 grupos (n=8). A taxa de dissolução pós-tratamento foi determinada a partir de 3 medidas consecutivas a cada 30 min. Os dados foram submetidos a ANOVA, teste de Student-Newman-Keul’s e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (Subprojetos 1 e 2) e a ANOVA e testes de Fisher e Holm-Sidak (Subprojeto 3) (α=0,05). Valores de proporção Ca/P maiores foram observados para as soluções fluoretadas quando comparados à solução sem F e TMP, sendo os mesmos dependentes da proporção F:TMP (p<0,05). A deposição do F álcali-solúvel foi diretamente relacionada com as concentrações de TMP nas soluções, enquanto que a de F ácido-solúvel foi inversamente relacionada (p<0,05). Além disso, a adsorção de P esteve relacionada à concentração de F e TMP (p<0,05). Os dados da DRX indicaram que...


This study evaluated the effect of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) and sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP) associated or no with fluoride (F) on the structure and dissolution of hydroxyapatite (HA). For this purpose, the study was divided into three subprojects. In Subprojects 1 and 2, synthetic HA powder (n=6) was treated with solutions containing TMP varying at 0-10% associated with 0, 100, 250, 500 (Subproject 1) and 0, 1100, 4500 and 9000 ppm F (Subproject 2) and submitted to a pH cycle. Afterwards, alkali- and acid soluble F, Ca and P were determined in/on HA, and P and F in the supernatants. Samples were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XDR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). In Subproject 3, HA discs were used to assess the dissolution rate of HA using a pHstat system. HA discs were treated with 1100 ppm F, 1% and 8% of HMP or TMP and 1100 ppm F associated with 1% and 8% of HMP or TMP, totaling 9 groups (n=8). The influence of a salivary pellicle on HA dissolution was also assessed. HA discs were kept in pooled human saliva before treatment with deionised water and 1100 ppm F associated with 1% and 8% of HMP or TMP, totaling 5 groups (n=8). The post-treatment dissolution rate was determined from three consecutive 30-min assays. Data were submitted to ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls’ test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (Subprojects 1 and 2), and to ANOVA and Fisher and Holm- Sidak methods (Subproject 3) (α=0.05). Ca/P ratios values were higher for the fluoride solutions when compared with the no F and TMP groups and dependent of the F:TMP ratio used (p<0.05). The overall trend was that alkali-soluble F deposition was directly related to TMP concentrations in the treatment solutions, while acid-soluble incorporation was inversely related to TMP concentrations (p<0.05). Additionally, the P adsorption is related to the F and TMP concentration used (p<0.05). XDR data indicated that HA powder crystallinity is altered...


Subject(s)
Dissolution , Durapatite , Fluorides , Polyphosphates , Saliva
18.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2014. 151 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867181

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de vernizes fluoretados suplementados com Trimetafosfato de Sódio (TMP) sobre a desmineralização e remineralização do esmalte dentário. Para tanto, o estudo foi dividido em 4 capítulos. Inicialmente foi avaliada a liberação de fluoreto (F) e fosfato (P) em soluções de saliva artificial (24 h) após aplicação de vernizes contendo 2,5% NaF, 5% NaF, 5% TMP, 2,5% NaF/5% TMP, 5% NaF/5% TMP, além de uma formulação placebo (sem NaF e TMP) e um verniz comercial (Duraphat), descrito no Capítulo 1. Os efeitos destes vernizes sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie artificial, bem como sobre a desmineralização do esmalte hígido foram avaliados, respectivamente, nos Capítulos 2 e 3, em modelos de ciclagem de pH. Por fim, o potencial remineralizador dos vernizes placebo, 5% NaF e 5% NaF/5% TMP foi avaliado em um protocolo in situ (Capítulo 4). Os espécimes foram avaliados quanto a dureza de superfície (SH), porcentagem de recuperação de SH (%SHR), dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN), microscopia de luz polarizada, bem como a quantidade de CaF2 e fluoreto fortemente ligado ao esmalte. Uma relação dose-resposta entre a quantidade de NaF e TMP nos vernizes e a liberação de F e P nas soluções de saliva artificial foi observada. Embora um efeito inibitório parcial na liberação de F e P tenha sido observado na presença dos dois sais, um efeito sinérgico foi observado na %SHR e ΔKHN na remineralização de lesões de cárie, bem como na redução da desmineralização (SH e ΔKHN) do esmalte hígido para vernizes contendo NaF e TMP. Em ambas as situações, o efeito protetor do verniz contendo 5% NaF/5% TMP foi significativamente maior que os demais grupos in vitro. Este padrão foi confirmado em um protocolo in situ sobre a remineralização do esmalte cariado. A formação de CaF2 e incorporação de fluoreto no esmalte foi, contraditoriamente, menor para vernizes contendo TMP em comparação aos vernizes contendo mesma concentração de F, sem...


The aim of the study was to assess the effects of fluoridated varnishes supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization and remineralization. For this purpose, the study was divided into 4 chapters. First, the amount of fluoride (F) and phosphate (P) released in artificial saliva solutions (24 h) were measured after the application of varnishes containing 2.5% NaF, 5% NaF, 5% TMP, 2.5% NaF/5% TMP, 5% NaF/5% TMP, besides a PLACEBO formulation (no NaF or TMP) and a commercial formulation (Duraphat), as described in Chapter 1. The effects of these varnishes on the remineralization of caries-like lesions, as well as on the demineralization of sound enamel were assessed on Chapters 2 and 3, respectively, using pH-cycling models. Finally, the remineralizing effect of PLACEBO, 5% NaF and 5% NaF/5% TMP was evaluated using and in situ protocol (Chapter 4). Specimens were analyzed by surface hardness (SH), percentage of SH recovery (%SHR), cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN), polarized light microscopy, as well as firmly and loosely (CaF2) bound fluoride. A dose-response relationship was observed between NaF and TMP concentrations in the formulations and the amount of F and P released into artificial saliva. Although a partial inhibitory effect on F and P release was observed in the presence of the two salts, a synergistic effect was observed in %SHR and ΔKHN on the remineralization of caries-like lesions, as well as on the reduction of sound enamel demineralization (SH e ΔKHN) for varnishes containing NaF e TMP. Under both conditions, the protective effect of the 5% NaF/5% TMP varnish was significantly higher than the other groups in vitro. The same pattern was confirmed in situ on the remineralization carious enamel. Firmly and loosely bound fluoride were contradictorily lower for varnishes containing TMP when compared with their counterparts without TMP. Based on the above, it was concluded that TMP-supplemented fluoride varnishes were able...


Subject(s)
Demineralization , Dental Enamel , Fluorides , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Remineralization
19.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2014. 77 p. ilus, graf.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-755405

ABSTRACT

Avaliar a ação do trimetafosfato de sódio (TMP)+fluoreto de sódio (NaF) em duas concentrações 3%TMP+0,1%NaF e 0,3%TMP+0,05%NaF, adicionados ao peróxido de hidrogênio (PH) 10%, em inibir a desmineralização do esmalte em contato com dentifrício fluoretado (DF) ou não (DP). Métodos: Blocos de esmalte bovino (4.0 x 4.0 mm) foram obtidos, planificados e polidos para leitura da microdureza superficial Knoop (SH) inicial (25g/5seg). 72 blocos selecionados (320-380KHN) foram divididos aleatoriamente em 6 grupos (n=12), de acordo com o gel clareador e o dentifrício: PH+DF; PH+3TMP+0,1NaF+DF; PH+0,3TMP+0,05NaF+DF; PH+DP; PH+3TMP+0,1NaF+DP; PH+0,3TMP+0,05NaF+DP. O clareamento foi realizado por 30min/dia, seguido da imersão das amostras em dentifrício (1min) durante 14 dias e entre as sessões, mantidos em saliva artificial à 37oC. Em seguida, foi realizada a leitura da SH final e os blocos foram seccionados ao meio para análise da dureza em profundidade (ΔKHN) (5g/5seg). O cálculo da perda de dureza foi realizado a partir dos valores de SH/ΔKHN e submetidos à análise estatística. Imagens de Microscopia de Luz Polarizada (MLP) foram obtidas do corte longitudinal das amostras. Resultados: O PH+3TMP+0,1NaF+DF demonstrou os melhores resultados, seguido pelo PH+0,3TMP+0,05NaF+DF. O PH+DF e PH+DP apresentaram os menores valores de SH/ΔKHN. No entanto, a ΔKHN do PH+DF foi estatisticamente superior ao do PH+DP. As imagens qualitativas de MLP mostraram nitidamente uma desmineralização subsuperficial para os grupos PH+DF e PH+DP. Significância: A adição do TMP+NaF ao gel de PH foi eficaz na diminuição da perda de dureza. A aplicação do SF foi benéfica à ação do TMP+NaF no gel clareador...


To evaluate the effects of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) + sodium fluoride (NaF) in two concentrations 3%TMP+0.1%NaF and 0.3%TMP+0.05%NaF, added to hydrogen peroxide (HP) 10% by inhibiting demineralization of enamel in contact with fluoridated dentifrice (FD) or not (PD). Methods: Bovine enamel blocks (4.0 x 4.0 mm) were flat and polished in order to perform the initial Knoop surface microhardness (SH) analysis (25g/5s). Seventy two selected blocks (320-380KHN) were randomly assigned into 6 groups (n=12), according to the bleaching gel and slurry: HP+FD; HP+3TMP+0.1NaF+FD; HP+0.3TMP+0.05NaF+FD; HP+PD; HP+3TMP+0.1NaF+PD; HP+0.3TMP+0.05NaF+PD. Bleaching was carried out 30min/day, followed by immersing the samples in dentifrice (1min) for 14 days and between sessions, stored in artificial saliva at 37oC. Then, the final SH reading was taken and the blocks were cut in halves to analyze cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN) (5g/5s). The calculation of the loss of microhardness (%SH) was carried out from the values of SH/ΔKHN and subjected to statistical analysis. Images from Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) were obtained from the longitudinal section of the samples. Results: HP+3TMP+0.1NaF+FD showed the best results, followed by HP+0.3TMP+0.05NaF+FD. HP+FD and HP+PD showed the lowest values of %SH/ΔKHN. However, ΔKHN of HP+FD was statistically higher than HP+PD. Qualitative PLM images clearly showed subsurface demineralization for groups HP+FD and HP+PD. Conclusion: The addition of TMP+NaF to the gel of HP was effective in reducing the loss of hardness. Applying FD was beneficial to the action of TMP+NaF of the bleaching gel...


Subject(s)
Animals , Dental Enamel , Hardness Tests , Hydrogen Peroxide , Polyphosphates , Sodium Fluoride , Tooth Bleaching , Tooth Demineralization
20.
Araçatuba; s.n; 2014. 151 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Thesis in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756119

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de vernizes fluoretados suplementados com Trimetafosfato de Sódio (TMP) sobre a desmineralização e remineralização do esmalte dentário. Para tanto, o estudo foi dividido em 4 capítulos. Inicialmente foi avaliada a liberação de fluoreto (F) e fosfato (P) em soluções de saliva artificial (24 h) após aplicação de vernizes contendo 2,5% NaF, 5% NaF, 5% TMP, 2,5% NaF/5% TMP, 5% NaF/5% TMP, além de uma formulação placebo (sem NaF e TMP) e um verniz comercial (Duraphat), descrito no Capítulo 1. Os efeitos destes vernizes sobre a remineralização de lesões de cárie artificial, bem como sobre a desmineralização do esmalte hígido foram avaliados, respectivamente, nos Capítulos 2 e 3, em modelos de ciclagem de pH. Por fim, o potencial remineralizador dos vernizes placebo, 5% NaF e 5% NaF/5% TMP foi avaliado em um protocolo in situ (Capítulo 4). Os espécimes foram avaliados quanto a dureza de superfície (SH), porcentagem de recuperação de SH (%SHR), dureza em secção longitudinal (ΔKHN), microscopia de luz polarizada, bem como a quantidade de CaF2 e fluoreto fortemente ligado ao esmalte. Uma relação dose-resposta entre a quantidade de NaF e TMP nos vernizes e a liberação de F e P nas soluções de saliva artificial foi observada. Embora um efeito inibitório parcial na liberação de F e P tenha sido observado na presença dos dois sais, um efeito sinérgico foi observado na %SHR e ΔKHN na remineralização de lesões de cárie, bem como na redução da desmineralização (SH e ΔKHN) do esmalte hígido para vernizes contendo NaF e TMP. Em ambas as situações, o efeito protetor do verniz contendo 5% NaF/5% TMP foi significativamente maior que os demais grupos in vitro. Este padrão foi confirmado em um protocolo in situ sobre a remineralização do esmalte cariado. A formação de CaF2 e incorporação de fluoreto no esmalte foi, contraditoriamente, menor para vernizes contendo TMP em comparação aos vernizes contendo mesma concentração de F...


The aim of the study was to assess the effects of fluoridated varnishes supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel demineralization and remineralization. For this purpose, the study was divided into 4 chapters. First, the amount of fluoride (F) and phosphate (P) released in artificial saliva solutions (24 h) were measured after the application of varnishes containing 2.5% NaF, 5% NaF, 5% TMP, 2.5% NaF/5% TMP, 5% NaF/5% TMP, besides a PLACEBO formulation (no NaF or TMP) and a commercial formulation (Duraphat), as described in Chapter 1. The effects of these varnishes on the remineralization of caries-like lesions, as well as on the demineralization of sound enamel were assessed on Chapters 2 and 3, respectively, using pH-cycling models. Finally, the remineralizing effect of PLACEBO, 5% NaF and 5% NaF/5% TMP was evaluated using and in situ protocol (Chapter 4). Specimens were analyzed by surface hardness (SH), percentage of SH recovery (%SHR), cross-sectional hardness (ΔKHN), polarized light microscopy, as well as firmly and loosely (CaF2) bound fluoride. A dose-response relationship was observed between NaF and TMP concentrations in the formulations and the amount of F and P released into artificial saliva. Although a partial inhibitory effect on F and P release was observed in the presence of the two salts, a synergistic effect was observed in %SHR and ΔKHN on the remineralization of caries-like lesions, as well as on the reduction of sound enamel demineralization (SH e ΔKHN) for varnishes containing NaF e TMP. Under both conditions, the protective effect of the 5% NaF/5% TMP varnish was significantly higher than the other groups in vitro. The same pattern was confirmed in situ on the remineralization carious enamel. Firmly and loosely bound fluoride were contradictorily lower for varnishes containing TMP when compared with their counterparts without TMP. Based on the above, it was concluded that TMP-supplemented fluoride varnishes were able...


Subject(s)
Humans , Demineralization , Dental Enamel , Fluorides , Fluorides, Topical , Polyphosphates , Tooth Remineralization
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL